Housing shortage in Germany: Where are the urgently needed apartments develop?
Housing shortage in Germany: Where are the urgently needed apartments develop?
The demand for living space in Germany is growing rapidly, but the supply is significantly behind the needs. According to the current data of the IW apartment requirement model, around 372,600 new apartments are required every year in Germany between 2021 and 2025. In contrast, only 294,400 apartments were completed from 2021 to 2023. This mismatch between needs and construction activity has led to a crisis in housing, especially in the large cities, where the challenge is still tightened by high interest rates and increased construction costs. The present analysis not only looks at the current status, but also the future regional housing needs until 2040.
where the need is highest
The most serious need for living space is currently being recorded in the cities of Potsdam, Regensburg and Leipzig. In relation to the population, 12.2, 10.1 and 9.4 new apartments per 1,000 inhabitants must be built here to meet demand. In the seven largest cities in Germany, Berlin (8.7), Frankfurt am Main (7.7) and Cologne (7.3) are increasing. The absolute requirements illustrate that Berlin needs 7,700 and Köln 7,500 new apartments every year.
A look at the prevailing construction sites shows that the highest construction activity in the big cities of Regensburg, Wolfsburg and Wiesbaden takes place, where most of the apartments were built between 2021 and 2023. These cities recorded the highest growth with 8.3, 6.4 and 6.2 new units per 1,000 inhabitants.
The largest gap between needs and construction work
The discrepancy between the required number of apartments and the actually completed living space is the most pronounced in the cities of Wuppertal, Jena and Oberhausen. In these cities, the completion rate was between 21 and 24 percent of the required apartments. Munich is particularly striking here, which was the most successful with a satisfaction rate of 93 percent in relation to his needs, but a significant demand remains unfulfilled here too. Cities like Cologne (37%), Leipzig (42%) and Stuttgart (43%) must continue to deal with a noticeable lack of housing.
Long -term perspectives and future development
If you look at the long -term forecasts, the annual need for new apartments between 2026 and 2040 is expected to drop to 257,400 units, which corresponds to a decrease of 31 percent. Nevertheless, 29 percent of cities and counties, which represent a total of 117 out of 400, remain obliged to expand their construction activity in order to meet their needs. The highest future requirements result in Berlin, Regensburg and Augsburg, whereby 6.7, 6.1 and 6.1 new apartments are necessary per 1,000 inhabitants.The IW apartment requirement model is a decisive component in order to understand the challenges in the German housing market and to develop solutions. This information is essential to adapt the construction activity regionally and to get the challenges of the housing market under control. The complete data and analyzes are available in the detailed report on www.iwkoeln.de.
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